Introduction: Embeddings are the foundation of modern AI applications—they transform text, images, and other data into dense vectors that capture semantic meaning. Understanding how embedding models work, their strengths and limitations, and how to choose between them is essential for building effective search, RAG, and similarity systems. This guide covers the landscape of embedding models: […]
Read more →Tag: Production AI
LlamaIndex: The Data Framework for Building Production RAG Applications
Introduction: LlamaIndex (formerly GPT Index) is the leading data framework for building LLM applications over your private data. While LangChain focuses on chains and agents, LlamaIndex specializes in data ingestion, indexing, and retrieval—the core components of Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG). With over 160 data connectors through LlamaHub, sophisticated indexing strategies, and production-ready query engines, LlamaIndex […]
Read more →Advanced RAG Patterns: From Naive Retrieval to Production-Grade Systems (Part 1 of 2)
Introduction: Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has become the go-to architecture for building LLM applications that need access to private or current information. By retrieving relevant documents and including them in the prompt, RAG grounds LLM responses in factual content, reducing hallucinations and enabling knowledge that wasn’t in the training data. But naive RAG implementations often disappoint—the […]
Read more →Production RAG Architecture: Building Scalable Vector Search Systems
Three months into production, our RAG system started failing at 2AM. Not gracefully—complete outages. The problem wasn’t the models or the embeddings. It was the architecture. After rebuilding it twice, here’s what I learned about building RAG systems that actually work in production. Figure 1: Production RAG Architecture Overview The Night Everything Broke It was […]
Read more →Running LLMs on Kubernetes: Production Deployment Guide
Deploying LLMs on Kubernetes requires careful planning. After deploying 25+ LLM models on Kubernetes, I’ve learned what works. Here’s the complete guide to running LLMs on Kubernetes in production. Figure 1: Kubernetes LLM Architecture Why Kubernetes for LLMs Kubernetes offers significant advantages for LLM deployment: Scalability: Auto-scale based on demand Resource management: Efficient GPU and […]
Read more →LLM Monitoring and Alerting: Building Observability for Production AI Systems
Introduction: LLM monitoring is essential for maintaining reliable, cost-effective AI applications in production. Unlike traditional software where errors are obvious, LLM failures can be subtle—degraded output quality, increased hallucinations, or slowly rising costs that go unnoticed until the monthly bill arrives. Effective monitoring tracks latency, token usage, error rates, output quality, and cost metrics in […]
Read more →