Containers introduced new attack surfaces: base image vulnerabilities, runtime exploits, secrets in environment variables, and privilege escalation. This guide provides a comprehensive security framework covering the entire container lifecycle—from build to runtime—based on NIST, CIS Benchmarks, and production incident learnings. Container Security Layers Build-Time Security Minimal Base Images Distroless images have 80% fewer CVEs than […]
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Zero Trust Architecture: Complete Implementation Guide
Zero Trust is not a product—it’s an architecture philosophy. “Never trust, always verify” replaces the traditional perimeter-based security model. With remote work, cloud adoption, and sophisticated threats, the castle-and-moat approach is obsolete. This guide provides a practical implementation roadmap based on NIST, CISA, and real-world enterprise deployments. Zero Trust Pillars Pillar 1: Identity Identity is […]
Read more →Service Mesh: Istio vs Linkerd Comparison
Service meshes provide observability, security, and traffic management for microservices without application code changes. Istio and Linkerd are the leading options—both mature and production-ready, but with different philosophies. This guide compares them across complexity, performance, and feature sets. Service Mesh Architecture Comparison Matrix Feature Istio Linkerd Proxy Envoy Linkerd2-proxy (Rust) Resource Usage Higher Lower Complexity […]
Read more →Azure Monitor: Complete Application Observability Guide
Azure Monitor is the unified observability platform encompassing metrics, logs, traces, and alerts. With Application Insights for APM, Log Analytics for centralized logging, and Azure Monitor Metrics for infrastructure, it provides end-to-end visibility. This guide covers implementation patterns, KQL queries, and cost optimization strategies. Azure Monitor Components Application Insights Setup KQL Queries for Troubleshooting Alert […]
Read more →AWS CDK: Infrastructure as Code with TypeScript
AWS Cloud Development Kit (CDK) enables defining infrastructure using familiar programming languages—TypeScript, Python, Java, C#, and Go. Instead of writing YAML/JSON, you use constructs, loops, conditionals, and functions. CDK synthesizes to CloudFormation, providing the best of imperative programming with declarative deployment. This guide covers CDK patterns, construct levels, and best practices for production deployments. CDK […]
Read more →Azure Bicep: Infrastructure as Code Deep Dive
Azure Bicep is the next-generation language for Azure infrastructure as code, replacing ARM templates. With cleaner syntax, modules, and first-class tooling, Bicep significantly improves the IaC developer experience. This guide covers Bicep fundamentals, module patterns, deployment strategies, and migration from ARM templates. Bicep vs ARM Templates Feature ARM JSON Bicep Syntax Verbose JSON Clean DSL […]
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